Questions and Answers
Philosophy schools
1.
The view that some moral principles are valid for everyone
Objectivism
2.
The theory that social and cultural phenomena are determined by history
Historicism
3.
A philosophy which focuses only on the outcomes and effects of processes and situations.
Pragmatism
4.
Chinese philosophy that emphasizes living in harmony with nature
Daoism
5.
A system of beliefs based on the teachings of Confucius emphasizing inferior-superior relationships and an importance of knowledge
Confucianism
6.
Philosophy of Epicurus, stating that the purpose of life is to look for happiness and peace
Epicureanism
7.
to pursue an idea, whether or not it can be achieved--as opposed to a realist.
Idealism
8.
The philosophy who believed that people should not try to feel joy or sadness
Stoicism
9.
The belief that human beings exist in a purposeless, chaotic universe.
Absurdism
10.
Belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled
Legalism
11.
A philosophy that blended Confucianism with Buddhism and Daoism
Neo-Confucianism
12.
The belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge
Rationalism
13.
Preoccupation with physical comforts and things
Materialism
14.
An attitude or quality of belief that all people are motivated by selfishness
Cynicism
15.
Prejudice or discrimination based on social class
Classism
16.
Ethical theory by which decisions are based on a sense of duty
Kantianism
17.
Doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Utilitarianism
18.
Pursuit of pleasure, especially of the senses
Hedonism
19.
The idea that there is a force in life that is distinct from physical entities
Vitalism
20.
A philosophical approach that emphasizes the inevitable dilemmas and challenges of human existence.
Existentialism
21.
Philosophy that humans are not rational by nature
Irrationalism
22.
A philosophy which suggests that nothing can ever be known for certain.
Skepticism
23.
The idea that all aspects of a culture are related to each other.
Holism
24.
Aattribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth
Realism
25.
A political and moral philosophy focused on strengthening civil society and communal bonds
Communitarianism
26.
Philosophy that celebrates human cultural achievements and emphasizes human reason and ethics.
Humanism
27.
Theory of representation based on the accurate depiction of detail.
Naturalism
28.
Belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation
Empiricism
29.
19th century artistic movement that appealed to emotion rather than reason
Romanticism
30.
The belief that reality is completely spiritual or immaterial
Spiritualism
31.
The assumption that behavior is caused by heredity and environment
Determinism