Flashcards
Acids: Chemical Formulas and Naming Rules, Part 2
What is the chemical formula of hydroiodic acid?
HI
Citric acid gives lemons and limes their sour taste. What is its molecular formula?
C₄H₆O₅
C₆H₈O₆
C₃H₆O₃
C₆H₈O₇
Match each acid to where you would find it.
vitamin C
ascorbic acid
Match each acid to where you would find it.
sour milk and yogurt
lactic acid
Match each acid to where you would find it.
rhubarb leaves
oxalic acid
Match each acid to where you would find it.
the starting material for aspirin
salicylic acid
Which of these acids can release three H⁺ ions per molecule?
H₂SO₄
H₃AsO₄
H₂CO₃
HClO₄
Selenium is in the same group as sulfur and forms the selenate ion, SeO₄²⁻. What is the formula of selenic acid?
H2SeO4
True or false?
Oxalic acid, H₂C₂O₄, can release two H⁺ ions per molecule.
True or false?
Hydroselenic acid has the formula H₂Se.
True or false?
Benzoic acid, C₆H₅COOH, can release six H⁺ ions because it has six hydrogen atoms.
True or false?
Lactic acid can release three H⁺ ions because it has three oxygen atoms.
Arrange these carboxylic acids from the fewest to the most carbon atoms.
butyric acid
acetic acid
propionic acid
formic acid
Arrange these carboxylic acids from the fewest to the most carbon atoms.
1. formic acid
2. acetic acid
3. propionic acid
4. butyric acid
Aqua regia, the mixture that can dissolve gold, is made from concentrated nitric acid and which other acid?
phosphoric acid
sulfuric acid
hydrochloric acid
hydrofluoric acid
Fill in the gaps.
Acid rain forms when gases from burning coal and gasoline react with water in the air, producing mainly
. . . . . acid and
. . . . . acid .
Acid rain forms when gases from burning coal and gasoline react with water in the air, producing mainly sulfuric acid and nitric acid .
The prefix thio- means that one oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur atom. Sulfuric acid is H₂SO₄. What is the formula of thiosulfuric acid?
H₂S₂O₄
H₂S₂O₃
H₂SO₃
H₂S₂O₇
Match each formula to the name of the acid.
HOCN
cyanic acid
Match each formula to the name of the acid.
HSCN
thiocyanic acid
Match each formula to the name of the acid.
H₄SiO₄
silicic acid
Match each formula to the name of the acid.
H₂Cr₂O₇
dichromic acid
Prussic acid, named after the pigment Prussian blue, is an old name for which acid?
oxalic acid
hydrochloric acid
hydrocyanic acid
benzoic acid
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid: its only carbon atom is part of the –COOH group. What is its formula?
HCOOH
True or false?
Removing both H⁺ ions from carbonic acid gives the carbonate ion.
True or false?
Nitrous acid forms the nitrate ion when it loses its H⁺.
True or false?
Hydrobromic acid forms the bromide ion when it loses its H⁺.
True or false?
Removing one H⁺ from sulfuric acid gives the sulfite ion.
Which acid is produced in larger amounts than any other industrial chemical, mostly to make fertilizers?
phosphoric acid
hydrochloric acid
nitric acid
sulfuric acid
Arrange these acids from the weakest to the strongest.
hydroiodic acid
hydrofluoric acid
hydrochloric acid
hydrobromic acid
Arrange these acids from the weakest to the strongest.
1. hydrofluoric acid
2. hydrochloric acid
3. hydrobromic acid
4. hydroiodic acid